Modern Era
N. C. Paul published his Treatise on Yoga Philosophy in 1851. Swami Vivekananda in the year 1890 was the first Hindu teacher to actively advocate and disseminate aspects of yoga, not including asanas, to a western audience. Yoga as exercise was created in what has been called the Modern Yoga Renaissance by the blending of Western styles of gymnastics with postures from Haṭha yoga in India in the 20th century, pioneered by Shri Yogendra and Swami Kuvalayananda, T. Krishnamacharya and his son T. K. V. Desikachar and his students Pattabhi Jois (Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga), B. K. S. Iyengar (Iyengar Yoga) and Swami Siwananda of Rishikesh.